Closure device for sealed cooling systems



A. L. SWANK June, 1940.

CLOSURE DEVICE FOR SEALED COOLING SYSTEMS- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov.12-, 1936 INVENTOR. BY flew/w? 1..5WANK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. L. $WANKCLOSURE DEVICE FOR SEALED COOLING SYSTEMS Filed Nov. 12, 1936 June 11,1940.

INVENTOR. flmwu/e L. SWANK M gm ATTORNEY5 Patented June 11, 1940 ventionto increase the efficiency and cooling ca-.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE] CLOSURE FOR SEALED COOLING l a SYSTEMSArthur L. Swank, Detroit, Mich; Nellie L. Swank, special administratrixof said Arthur L. Swank, deceased; assignor to Eaton ManufacturingCompany, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 12,1936, Serial No. 110,507

20 Claims. -(oi. 220-44) 1 This invention relates to closures for tankopenings, and more particularly to an improved closure device for theradiator of an internal combustion engine cooling system.

It is' well understood in the art to which this invention relates-thatinternal combustion en-,

gines are generally provided with a radiator through which a coolingfluid is circulated, and that such a radiator usually has a fillingopening near the top thereof and a vent or overflow passage formaintaining the pressure within the cooling system substantiallybalanced with the atmospheric pressure outside of the system. It isalsovwell known that water at sea level atmospheric pressure boils atapproximately 212 F. and that every pound of pressure applied to itabove sea level air pressure its boiling point will be raisedapproximately 3 F. In engine cooling systems which are open to theatmosphere 212 F. is generally considered to be the'limit of the coolingrange, but this limit is considerably reduccd if the engine is operatedat an altitude above sea level, and is still further reduced when ananti-freeze such as alcohol is addedto the liquid of the cooling system.This reduction in the cooling range, the loss of cooling fluid throughthe vent and overflow passage, and certain other disadvantages areovercome in radiators on which my improved closure device is used.

It is therefore an object o! the present inpacity of an engine coolingsystem by providing a closure device adapted to maintain pressure in thesystem wh'ereby the boiling temperature of the cooling liquid may beraised substantially above the limit prevailing:

Another object of my invention is to provide a closure device for thefilling and vent openings of the radiator of an engine cooling systemStill another object of my invention is to provide an improved closuredevice for the radiator of an engine cooling systemin which loss offluid through the vent oroverflow passage of the radiator issubstantially eliminated by novel balile.

means embodied in the closure device.

A further object of, my invention is to provide an improved closuredevice, of the type mentioned, having a filler neck with a sealingsurface internally thereof and a cap adapted to be.

4 sealing surface by a spring element of the cap.

Still another object of my invention is to provide an improved closuredevice comprising neck and cap members and in which the neck member isprovided with an internal sealing surface and a gasket seat adjacent itsouter end, and the cap member is provided with a pair of spring elementsone of which is a disk for pressing a gasket against the gasket seat andthe other of which acts to press a depending hollow part against saidinternal gasket seat.

Yet another object of my invention is to provide an improved closuredevice for a sealed cooling system in which neck and cap members havelocking elements adapted to cooperatewith each other for releasablyconnecting such members and in which bodily removal of the cap member istemporarily prevented while pressure within the sealed system is beingsafely released.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved closure devicefor a sealed cooling systern in which cap and neck members cooperate toprovide inner and outer seals and are releasably connected bycooperating cam and finger external locking cams adjacent its outer endand an-inturned integral annular surface at its inner end.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a novel filler neckhaving a gasket seat at its outer end and an internal sealing surfacespaced axially therefrom and also having depending arcuate portionswhich form cams outwardly of the gasket seat and which have stopsthereon for temporarily limiting disengagement of looking fingers alongthe cams.

Other objects and-advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description when taken in conjunction with the accompanyingsheets of drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a bottom plan view, on anenlarged scale, of a closure device embodying my invention. i v

Fig. 2 isa vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken throughthe closure device of another closure device of my invention and showing the same applied to the radiator of an engine cooling system.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken through another cap of myinvention which is adapted to be used on the filler. neck of a radiatorwhere a bafliing of the overflow passage is desired.

Fig. 7 is a partial vertical sectional view taken through a similar typeof closure but illustrating another form of spring element.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken throug still another closuredevice of my invention and showing the same applied to the radiator ofan engine cooling system.

Fig. 9 is a partial plan view thereof.

Fig 10 is a plan view of the filler neck, and

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the filler neck.

In the accompanying drawings, to which more detailed reference willpresently be made, I have shown improved closure devices adapted to beapplied to the radiators of engine cooling systems for producing adesired sealing or bafiling effect. Although the drawings illustrateseveral different forms of devices for the accomplishment of thesepurposes it will be understood, of course,

, that these are by way of example and that the seat or sealing surface..tubular memb er'is provided with an outwardly and downwardly turnedflange l9 forming an aninvention may be embodied in still other devicesand forms of construction.

In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings I show my invention embodied in a formof closure device which may be used where sealed cooling is desired,that is to say, on a system in which the cooling fluid is maintainedunder pressure. This device includes a tubular filler neck l and a capor closure l6 adapted to be detachably connected to the neck. -'Iheclosure device is here shown as mounted on the upper part of theradiator ll of an engine cooling system with the passage of the neck inregister with an opening of the radiator wa l.

The neck |5 may comprise a tubular metal member, preferably though notnecessarily of cylindrical cross section,v which is provided at oradjacent its inner end with an integral inturned flange |8 forming anannular internal gasket The outer end. of the nular gasket seat 20extending around the neck opening and a pair of depending arcuateelements 2| outwardly of the gasket seat. These depending arcuateelements are provided along the lower edge thereof with sloping camfaces 23 and are spaced apart to provide reces'ses 24 therelbetweenwhich afford access to the cam faces.

jacent the ends of each cam the de-pendi p" element 2| y be providedwith lugs or stops 25 and 26. The stop 25 provides a shoulder 21adjacent the highest part of the cam which is engaged by the lockingfingers or lugs of the cap member when the latter is fully connectedwith the neck member. The stop 26 which is located adjacent the start ofthe cam presentsa shoulder which is engaged by the fingers or lugs totemporarily prevent bodily removal of the cap from the neck a for theaccomplishment of a safety function in releasing the pressure of theradiator, aswill be vent disengagement of the locking fingers of the capfrom the cams ofv the neck, the fingers will nevertheless pass thereoverif an increased rotative force is applied to the cap.

'At a point intermediate the outer gasket seat 2|] and the internalflange l8, the wall of the neck is provided with a vent or overflowopening 30 which communicates with the neck passage. At this-poi-ntthewallof the neck may be drawn or formed to providea short tubularprojection 3| with which a vent and drain pipe 32 may be connected.

An annular sealing gasket or washer 33, formed of fiber or othersuitable material, may be disposed in the neck in engagement with theflange l8 thereof. The gasket may be retained in place adjacent thisflange by circumferentially spaced lugs 34 formed by partially shearingand displacing metal of the neckwall'radially iriward.

The cap |6, which is adapted to be applied 'to' locking lugs or fingers39 which are of a size and shape to pass freely through the recesses 24cf the neck and to cooperate with the cam surfaces 23 for releasablyconnecting the cap and neck members. In this instance I show the skirtas being provided with two locking fingers 39 to correspond in numberwith the recesses 24 oftthe filler neck. The cap may include a hollowbafiie member or valve housing 4| which extends in depending relationfrom the outer member 36 substantially centrally thereof and is adaptedto enter the passage of the filler neck when the cap is applied thereto.The member 4| may be a sheet metal stamping of dome-like or inverted-cupform and,

. at its lower end, may be provided with a transouter member 36 by meansof a spring element.

preferably in the form of a disk or diaphragm 44, which is retained inthe annularskirt 38.

The top portion of the dome-like member-4| engages the center section ofthe disk 44 and may be connected with this disk by means of a rivet 45which permits rotation of the member relative to the disk. The member 4|is thus centered with respect to the axis of the cap and when the cap isapplied to the neck there-is an intervening space 45 between this memberand the wall of the neck with which space the overflow opening 30communicates Between the spring disk 44 and the top wall 31 of the outermember 36 I may provide a second spring element 48 which is alsopreferably in the form of a disk. The resilient disk 48 is engagedsubstantially centrally thereof by the center section of the disk 44 andby the head of the rivet 45, but outwardly of this engagement it isspaced from the disk 44. The disks. and 48 may be corrugated, as shownin Fig. 2, and both are preferably bowed or dished away from the topwall 31 so aaoasoi in the annulanskirt 38 of the outer cap member and isadapted to be sealingly pressed by the resilient disk 44 against thegasket seat 26 of the neck when the cap is applied thereto. Theresilient disk 48 is preferably somewhat stifier than the resilient disk44 so that when the cap is applied to the filler neck and is drawn downby the action of the sloping cams 23, the disk 44-will deflect ahead ofthe disk 48. The initial rotation of the cap causes the disk 44 toyieldingly press the gasket 50. into sealing engagement with the vgasket seat 20, and further rotation of the cap causes the annular head43 of the valve housing to engage the gasket 33 and upon deflection ofthe resilient disk 48 the bead is sealingly pressed against the gasket.

It will be noted that .the bottom plate '42 of the valve housing 4| isprovided with a central opening 52 which communicates with the neckpassage, and that the dome-shaped member of the valve housing isprovided with one or more openings 53 connecting the interior of thevalve housing with the intervening space 46. when the cap has beenapplied to the filler neck so that the inner and outer seals have beenformed re-' sure in the radiator acting thereagainst.

spectively at the gaskets 33 and 56, it will be seen that fluid can flowinto or out of the radiator, I] through the passage 30 only by travelingthrough the openings 52 and 53 of the valve housing.

on the plate 42 as a raised ridge extending around I the opening 58. Thevalve 56 is adapted to be opened by atmospheric pressure actingthereagainst through the opening 58 when a subatmospheric pressureexists in the radiator II.

The main valve 55 may be hacked or carried by a plate member 60 which isaxially movable in and guided by the dome-like member 4|. If

desired, the plate member 66 may be provided with an annular rib 6]which engages the valve 55 substantially in line with the valve seat 51.The plate member 60 may also be provided with a depending extension 62which engages in an opening of the valve 55 and centers the latter withrespect to the axis of the cap;

For yieldingly pressing the main valve 55 against its seat 51 I providea coiled compression spring 63 having one end thereof seating against aportion of the top wall of the dom'e-like member 4|, and its other endin engagement with a spring plate 64. This spring plate is positionedand guided by lugs 66 struck up from the valve plate 66 and may beprovided substantially centrally thereof with a localized eo'nvexprojection 66 which forms a. rocking connection between these twoplates. The spring 63 pressesthe valve against its seat 51 but yields topermit a how of vapor or liquid from the radiator into the valve housingwhen the pressure in'the radiator exceeds a predetermined value,forexample tour pounds per square inch.

from pressing the valve 56 against its seat.

The auxiliary or vacuum-relief valve 56 may be supported adjacent theopening 58 and yieldingly pressed against the valve seat 59 by a spring68. This spring may be in the form of an arm which is connected to theplate 42 by means of a rivet 69-, and which has an intermediate ringportion 1-8 surrounding the .openlng 52. The

valve 56 may be retained in aligned relation with the seat 58 by meansof a rivet II having its stem extending through the valve and into theopening 58. The valve is of a size such that when its lateral shiftingis limited by the rivet H engaging the edge of the opening 58 at anypointit. will always overlap the valve seat 59.. The valve 56 need notbe directly connected with the spring arm 68 but, as shown in thedrawings, may only be held against the valve seat 59 so that the stem ofthe rivet ll cannot'be withdrawn from the opening 58. If desired the arm68 may be provided with a recess 12 in which the head of the rivet Hengages to provide a rocking connection substantially centrally of thevalve. At the point of connection of the arm 68 with the plate 42 thelatter may be provided with a raised portion or shoulder 13 which holdsthe arm spaced from the plate so that dirt entering ,therebetween willnot prevent the arm This valve is relativel' light in weight and the arm68 need only be still enough to hold the valve against its seat when-thepressures on opposite sides of the valve are equalized,

If desired, a guard may be provided for the valve 56 and its actuatingarm 68, in the'form of a disk 14 which overlies the valve and arm and isspaced from the bottom plate 42 of the valve housing. This guard may besupported plate 42 with an extension flange 15 around the opening 52which is engaged by a central annular flange 16 of the guard.

In assembling the parts of the cap the resilient disk 44, and theresilient disk 48 carrying the valve housing 4|, are dropped into theannular skirt 38 and thereafter portions of the skirt are pressedinwardly at a plurality of points to form retaining lugs 18, as shown inFig. 4. These lugs prevent the disks 44 and 48 from dropping out of themember 36 and when the cap is detached from the filler neck the disk 44springs away from the disk 48 and engages these lugs. While the cap isdetached from the neck the-engagement of the disk 48 against the topwall of the member 36 and the engagement of the disk 44 against the lugsI6 holds the various parts against rattling whilethe cap is beinghandled. If desired the depending skirt 38 of the outer memberv 36 mayalso be provided at diametrically opposed points with lateralprojections 19 which afford a good hand grip on the cap for rotating thesame on the flller neck. v From the description of my improved closuredevice as it has thus far progressed, it will be seen that when thedevice is connected to the radiator tank IT, as by brazing or welding ofthe internal annular 'neckflange thereto, a desired pressure conditioncan be maintained in the radiator and loss of cooling fluid andanti-freeze solution through the vent and overflow connection 32 will besubstantially eliminated. By maintaining a pressure in the radiator theboiling temperature of the cooling fluid is raised and the cooling rangeand capacity of the radiator are considerably increased. Since thesealing of the radiator to maintain a pressure therein prefrom the valvehousing by providing the bottom vents the escape of the cooling fluid inthe form of liquid or vapor, it will be seen that the supply of coolingfluid will not become diminished dur ing operation of the engine andwill require only occasional attention or replenishment.

The maintaining of the initial supplyof cooling fluid is an importantadvantage because it eliminates the undesirable effects of scale andsediment accumulations which frequently result from the replenishment ofthe supply of cooling fluid by impure water. The maintaining of apressure in the radiator also results in another important advantage inthat the thermostatic valve, which is now common in the cooling systemsof internal combustion engines, can be set at a value considerablyhigher than the "usual 140 setting heretofore used without loss ofalcohol or other anti-freeze which may be mixed with the cooling fluidand. for increasing the efiectiveness and capacity of car heatersoperated from the cooling system.

The provision of means for temporarily preventing bodily removal of thecap from the neck during relative disconnecting movement constitutes avery important part of my invention because it furnishes a safetyfeature for the protection of persons operating or servicing vehicleshaving sealed cooling systems. This safety feature may be in the form ofstops 26 located adjacent the starting ends of theiieams 23, and as Ihave already stated, these stops are engaged by the fingers 39 of'thecap when the latter is rotatedina direction to disengage the same fromthe neck. The engagement of the fingers with these stops temporarilyprevents release of the fingers through the recesses 24 and preventsbodily removal of the cap from the filler neck until the fingers havebeen forcibly moved over thestops. When the cap has been rotatedsufficiently from its fully applied position to bring the fingers 39into engagement with the stops 26, the inner seal will be broken by therelease of sealing pressure of the bead 43 against the gasket 33. Therelease of this inner seal allows vapor pressure in the radiator to passinto the intervening space 46 and tobe relieved through thedischargeopening 30. It will be understood, however, that when the innerseal is released by rotary movement of the fingers I 39 into engagementwith the stops 26, the gasket 50 is still pressed against the gasketseat 20 by the resilient disk 44 so as to maintain the outer seal.

Under ordinary conditions of operation, the release of theinner sealresults in the vapor pressure of the radiator l'l being released throughthe discharge opening 30 before the fingers 39 are forced over the stops23 and the outer seal broken by bodily removal of the cap from thefiller neck. If, however, there is a substantial pressure in theradiator H the release of the inner seal by rotation of the fingers 39into engagement with the stops 2! allows the vapor pressure to enter theintervening space 46 and, acting against the relatively large area ofthe resilient disk .44, causes the seal between the gasket 50 and theseat 20 to be broken. This results in a flow of heated vapor and coolingfluid out between the filler neck and the skirt flange 38 of the cap andat once causes the outer member 36 to become very hot, such that theoperator who is opening the closure device will quickly remove his handfrom the cap. This heating of the cap warns the operator that a pressurecondition exists in the radiator and that the fingers 39 should. not beforced over lugs 26 as is necessary for bodily removal of the thepassage of the neck is not obstructed as it would be if the lockingelements were located interiorly thereof. It will also be noted that inaddition to forming a gasket seat for an inner seal the internal annularflange adjacent the innerend of the neck provides a means for readilyconnecting the neck with the top wall of the radiator I'l With thisnovel form of construction the filler neck can be of relatively smalldiameter and can be closed either by a cap of the type which will sealthe radiator opening and overflow passage and afford sealed cooling, orby the conventional and less expensive type of cap which has been ingeneral use heretofore and which seals only the outer end of the fillerneck.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings I have shown another closure device for theradiatorof an eng'ine cooling system. This closure device is generallysimilar in construction to the device of Figs. 1 and 2 and functions inthe same man.- ner to produce .a sealed cooling system. The onlyimportant difference between [the closure device of Fig. 5 and that ofFig. 2 is in the location and mounting of thevacuum-relief valve. In theclosure device of Fig. 5 the vacuum-relief valve 8| is located on themain valve 82 and controls an opening 83 formed through the lattercentrally thereof. The main valve 82 is normally urged towards its seat84 by a coiled compression spring 85 and the auxiliary or vacuumreliefvalve 8| is normally urged toward seating engagement with the lower faceof the main valve by--means of atension spring 86. One end 8| and itsother end is connected with a bridge member 81 which is carried by themain valve and disposed within the coiled spring 85.

For certain reasons it may be desirable to use a cap on the filler neckl5 of the radiator of such form that it'does not completely seal, butonly baflles, the overflow passage. The use of a cap of this form may befound desirable for various reasons, for example, its simpler and lessexpensive construction or the reduced need for sealed-cooling operationof vehicles in portions of the country which are at a comparatively lowaltitude above sea level and where the boiling point of water is notmaterially less than 212 -F.

In Fig. 6 of the drawingsI show a cap of this type which can be appliedto. the same filler neck as would be used for sealed cooling, and whichwill effectively seal the outer end of the neck and, at the same time,provide an effective baflle for the vent and overflow passage of theradiator. As shown in Fig. 6, this cap comprises a cup-like sheet metalshell or outer member having a transverse top wall and a dependingannular marginal skirt 9|. The skirt is provided at two or more pointsaround its lower edge with inturned locking lugs or fingers r92 adaptedto cooperate with the external cams of the filler neck for releasablyconnecting thecap thereto. The cap is also provided with a-resillentdisk 93 which is retained in the skirt of u if desired, also byadditional lugs formed thereon similar to the lugs 19 of Fig. 4. Theresilient 1 disk- 93 may be corrugated and is preferably bowed or dishedaway from the top wall of the outer member so that only its outermarginal edge engages the top wall of the cap adjacent the dependingskirt 9| thereof. An annular sealing gasket 94 formed of suitablematerial is also retained in the marginal skirt 9| of the outer memberand is adapted to be pressed against the outer end of the filler neck bythe resilient disk 93 when the cap is applied to the neck and lockedthereon. I

For baflling the vent and overflow passage 39 of the filler neck I5 Iprovide the cap with a hollow dome-like member 95 which extends independing relation substantially centrally thereof and is carried by theresilient disk 93. The domelike hollow member 95 may .be. similar to oridentical with the dome-like member H which forms the valve housing ofthe cap illustrated in Fig. 2, and may be disposed with the flat portion99 of the top thereof in engagement with the central plate section 91 ofthe resilient disk 93. The member 95 may be connected with the.resilient. disk, as by means of the rivet 99. This rivet also serves tohold in place a cup-like bearing member 99 which is disposed between.the central plate section 91 of the resilient disk and the top wall ofthe outer member 99. The rivet preferably does not grip the membersthrough which it extends; but permits the outer cap member and thedisk-93 to rotate relative to the hollow baflle member 95. The lower endof the domeshaped baflle member 95 is preferably provided with atransverse plate I99 which is connected therewith by an annular bead II"and which has a central opening I92.

when the cap is applied to the filler neck I5 of the radiator I1 thegasket 94 seals the outer end of the neck and. the annular bead I9Isealingly engages the gasket 33 adjacent the inner end of the neck. Thecentral opening I92 of the plate I99 connects the radiator with thehollow interior or chamber of the baffle member 95 and one or moreopenings I93 formed in the latter member connect the chamber thereofwith the passage of the filler neck above the gasket 33. Thus if apressure condition is 'created in the radiator I1 by the generation ofvapor or by the expansion of the cooling liquid, vapor or liquid canpass through the opening I92 into the baffle chamber and then throughthe opening I93 to the discharge or overflow opening of the neck.Because of the baflled and circuitous passage thus provided it will beseen that fluid will not be readily splashed out of the radiator andlost through the overflow passage.

Instead of providing the bearing member 99 in the form of a separatepart, it may be desirable to construct this hearing member as anintegral part-I95 of the resilient disk 93, as illustrated in Fig. 7. I

In Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive I have shown another closure device adaptedto be used on the radiator of a vehicle cooling system to produce asealed- I .cooling effect. This closure device is generally bodilyremoval of the cap from the filler neckuntil after'the inner seal hasbeen" released.

. A3 shown in Figs. 8, 10 and 11 the filler neck I93 of this closuredevice may have an internal annular flange I99 adjacent its inner endforming a seat for a sealing gasket H9 and providing an available meansfor connection with the tank of the radiator IH.- At its outer end theneck is provided with an outturned flange H2 which carries a pair ofdepending arcuate flange-like members H3. These depending members I I3are provided at their lower edge with a camsurface H4 and are spacedapart to provide recesses or openings H5 in the flange H2 affordingaccess to the cam surfaces.- The depending arcuate members H3 may alsobe provided with lugs H6 -whichform stops adjacent'the high ends ofthecam surfaces.

The closure .cap itself may comprise outer and inner members H8 and H9which are connected together and provide a valve chamber I29therebetween. The outervmember is provided with a depending annularmarginal skirt I2I which carries inturned locking lugs or flngers I22for engagement with the cam surfaces H4 of the filler neck. Theinnermember H9 may be of substantially cup-like form and may be heldwith its open end against. the cap member H8 by means of screws I23extending through an external flange or lip I24 of the cup.- Adjacentits upper end the cup-like inner member H9 has a wall portion I25 of asize and shape to snugly engage in and fill the passage of the neck I98so as to provide a seal adjacent'the outer end of the neck when the capis applied thereto. Inwardly of the sealing portion I25 thecup-hkemember H9 is of reduced cross section so as to provide an interveningspace I26 between the engage and press against the sealing gasket H9 toprovide the inner seal. The'cap may be provided with a. pair of bowedacurately extending springs I3I which are retained in place by thescrews I23 and which engage the flange I I2 at the outer end of thefiller neck when the cap is and I33. The main valve I32 is contained inthe chamber I29 of the cap and under the action of a coiled compressionspring I34 normally closes the opening I35 of the transverse bottom wallI39. This coiled spring may be centered with respect to the axis of theopening I35 by engagement with a depending boss I34a of the outer memberH8. The vacuum-relief valve I33 controls an opening I36 of the mainvalve and is normally held in position to close this opening by means ofa tension spring I31.

As mentioned above, this closure device. also embodies a safety featurewhich temporarily prevents bodily removal of the cap from the neckopening until after the inner seal has been released. This featureconsists in providing means for temporarily limiting the unlockingrotary movement of the cap and which may be in the form of a shoulderI98 and a notch I39a formed on each of the arcuate members I I3 of thefiller neck. When the cap is being removed from the filler neck therotary movement applied thereto moves the locking fingers I 22 away fromthe stops 1 l6 and into the notch |38a to engage the shoulder I38whereupon the rotary movement is temporarily arrested. When the lockingfingers I22 have engaged the shoulders I38 the inner seal at the gasketH0 will have been released and pressure in the radiator III will berelieved through the vent and overflow opening I28. While this is takingplace the outer seal formed by the wall portion I25 will be maintainedand will notbe broken until the operator disengages the fingers I22 fromthe shoulders I38 and rotates the cap further in a direction todisengage the fingers from the cam surfaces Ill.

I have already'mentioned certain important advantages which are obtainedin a cooling system which is sealed or baliled by my improved closuredevice but, in addition, it will be understood that further advantagesare attained in some cooling systems by the elimination of air beingdrawn into the cooling system on the suction side of the water pump andthe presence of which tends to reduce the boiling temperature of thecooling fluid. It will also be seen that by maintaining a pressure inthe radiator the sea level boiling temperature'may be raised, forexample, to 227 F. where five pounds pressure is used, thus providing anadditional cooling margin which greatly increases the efficiency andcapacity of the cooling system even in hot summer weather.

While I have illustrated and described the closure devices of myinvention in a somewhat de'- tailed manner it will be understood, ofcourse, that I do not wish to be limited to the precise details ofconstruction and arrangements of parts illustrated and described, butregard my invention as including such changes and modifications as donot involve a departure from the spirit of the invention and the scopeof the appended claims.

'Having thus described my invention I claim:

-1. In a filler neck and closure combination for engine cooling systems,a receptacle, a neck having at one end an integral inturned flange andat its other end an outwardly and downwardly formed flange providing asealing surface and cam portions adjacent thereto, a vent openingthrough a wall of said neck, a closure for said neck having a dependingskirt with fingers adapt-' 2. In a closure device the combination of avtubular neck having locking elements adjacent its outer end and' aninternal annular sealing surface spaced from said end, a cap havinglocking elements adapted for releasable engagement with the lockingelements of the neck, a resilient disk retained in said cap, and amember carried by Sam disk and adapted to be yieldmgly messed tubularneck having axially spaced outer and inthereby against said sealingsurface, said member having a pivotal connection with the disksubstantially centrally thereof to permit rota- -tion of the cap and.disk relative to said member while the latter engages said sealingsurface.

3. In a closure device the combination. of a filler .neck having lockingmeans adjacent its outer end and an internal annular sealing surfaceaxially inward fromsaid outer end, means providing a dischargeconnection leading from thejneck between said outer end and saidinternal sealing surface, a cap adapted to be applied to said neck andhaving locking means adapted to cooperate with the locking means of theneck,

a hollow member adapted to extend into the hollow member and operable topress the latter against said internal sealing surface.

4. In a closure device the combination of a filler neck having lockingmeans adjacent its outer end and an internal annular sealing surfaceaxially inward from said outer end, means providing a dischargeconnection leading from the neck between said outer end and saidinternal sealing surface, a cap adapted to be ap plied to said neck andhaving locking means adapted to cooperate with the locking means of theneck for releasably connecting the same upon relative movementtherebetween, a hollow member adapted to extend into the neck and engagesaid sealing surface with a space between such memberand the wallof theneck, said member having an opening connecting the interior thereof withsaid space, a spring disk providing a connection between said hollowmember and they cap and operable to press the hollow member against saidsealing surface, and means effective during disengaging movement totemporarily prevent bodiLy-removal of the cap from the neck afterdisengagement of said hollow member from said sealing surface.

5. In an engine cooling system a receptacle, a filler neck for saidreceptacle having a sealing surface and cam sections adjacent its outerend and a second sealing surface adjacent its inner end, a vent passage,and a closure for said neck including pressure control valves and a partengageable with said second sealing surface, each cam section having twolift portions one to attach the closure to the neck and a second toeffect a seal at said second sealing surface.

6. In an engine cooling system a receptacle, a filler neck for saidreceptacle provided with an inturned-bottom flange, a closure for saidneck, a valve housing depending from said closure in the form of an opensheet metal cup, and a plate having an annular bead connecting the sameto the openend of said valve housing, said plate adapted to cooperate insealing relation with said neck flange and provided with a valve seatingsurface.

7. In a closure for cooling systems, a filler neck provided with aninturned bottom flange and an outwardly turned top flange, a cap adaptedto be applied to the-neck, a valve housing depending from said cap, andtwo spring elements between said cap and valve housing, one to effect -aseal on the top neck flange and the second to effect a seal on thebottom neck flange.

8. In a closure device the combination of a pressed respectively againstsaid outer and inner sealing surfaces when the cap is applied to theneck, said hollow part having an opening in r the lower portion thereof,and a spring-pressed relief-valve in said hollow part normally closing.

- said opening.

9. In a closure device the combination of a tubular neck having axiallyspaced outer and inner annular sealing surfaces, a cap adapted to bereleasably connected with the neck and having a disk part and a hollowpart adapted to be pressed respectively against said, outer and innersealing surfaces when the cap-is applied to the neck, said hollow parthaving an opening in the lower portion thereof, a spring-pressedreliefvalve in said hollow part normally closing said opening, and meansproviding a second springpressed relief-valve adapted to open in theopposite direction. 1

10. In a closure device, a filler neck comprising a tubular memberhaving an out-turned flange providing an annular sealing surface andhaving arcuate portions depending outwardly of said sealing surface,said depending arcuate portions having cam elements thereon and beingspaced apart to provide recesses affording access to the cam elements,said arcuate portions also having stops thereon adjacent one end of thecam elements and surmountable stops adjacent the other end of the camelements.

11. In a closure device the combination of a tubular neck having axiallyspaced outer and inner annular sealing surfaces, a cap adapted to bereleasably connected with the neck and having a disk part and a hollowpart adapted to be pressed respectively against said outer and innersealing surfaces when the cap is applied to the neck, said hollow partbeing mounted for swiveling movement relative to the cap and having anopening in the lower portion thereof, and a spring-pressed relief-valvein said hollow part normally closing said opening.

12. In a closed pressure system, a vented filler spout, a pressureoperated valve closing the spout on one side 01' the vent, a removablecap closing the spout on the other side of the vent, means joining thevalve to the cap for removal as a unit. therewith and a detachableconnection between the spout and cap comprising camming abutments on thespout and cap, respectively. engageable upon relative rotation of thecap and a safety stop on one of said abutments for engagement with theother abutment to position the parts with the spout closed by the capand opened by the valve.

13 In a device of the character described, a spout cap, a cage seating apressure operated valve and being adapted for seating engagement 'mostseat when the cap is rotated beyond said stop, a pressure relief valvewithin said cage and a pressure sealing member carried by the cap andengaging the outermost seal in all relative interengaged positions 01'the cap and spout.

15. In a pressure system, a filler spout, a removable cap therefor,interengaging camming abutments on the spout and cap, respectively, todraw the cap downwardly upon relative rotation, a stop associated withthe camming abutments near the outer limit of reverse relative rotation,an overflow pipe leading from the spout below the cap, an overflowclosure device carried by the cap for seating on the spout below theoverflow pipe when the cap is drawn down and unseating when n the cap isreversely rotated to a position wherein the stop resists cap removal.

16. In a closed cooling system for engines, a filler spout having anoverflow pipe associated therewith, a spout closure cap, a bayonet typeconnection between the cap and spout including a camming member having apair of spaced seats and a locking member engageable with either seat toretain the cap on the spout, and an overflow pipe valve adapted to beclosed when said locking member is in engagement with one of said seatsand to be opened when the locking member engages the other seat.

17. Radiator filler and closure structure, including a vented fillerspout having an internal seat, a removable closure cap rotatable on thespout to and from closed position, a valve cage adapted to engage saidinternal seat to seal the spout, a pressure actuated valve operativelyhoused within saidcage and swivel means connecting the cage and cap forrelative movement during cap rotation.

, 18. In a pressure cooling system, a valve cage assembly comprising acupped casing, a valve seating spring enclosed within the casing inbearing engagement with the base of the casing, an outwardly openingvalve acting against said spring, an inwardly opening valve seated overan opening in the first mentioned valve, a spring seating the inwardlyopening valve, and a closure plate for the open end of the casing toretain the valves and springs therein and to seat the first mentionedvalve and the last mentioned spring.

19. In a device of the character described, a filler spout having a ventand spaced'seats on opposite sides of the vent, a closure assemblyincluding a valve seating cage to engage one of said seats, a flexiblediaphragm for peripheral engagement with the other seat, meansdetachably securing the assembly on the spout and having spaced stationsfor selective engagement, at one of which the cage is seated and at theother of which the cage is unseated without complete detachmentof saidmeans from the spout and means out of engagement with the diaphragm atthe first mentioned station but abutting the diaphragm to unseat thesame at the next mentioned station.

20. In a closure device for an engine cooling system, a cap member, ahollow valve cage de pending from said cap member and provided with aseat, and a spring seated valve structure housed in said cage andmovable relative thereto for the relief of pressure, said valvestructure comprising a sealing portion engageable with said seat andportions extending laterally beyond the sealing portion for guidingengagement with the cage.

ARTHUR L. SWANK.

